Draft: feat: Add Docker support and configuration files

Hello Prof. Adamek

I've set up Docker and Make configuration files in order to improve code portability and enable systematic cross-platform development.

Additionally, i've tried to modularise some variables. Many more could be abstracted as for example the number of processes. It's just an idea of how things could be more platform-independent.

The Docker version can be ran by executing the following commands:

./build-docker-image.sh
./start-docker-container.sh

Best regards, André Glatzl

Changelog:

• Added .gitignore to manage ignored files
• Added Dockerfile for containerized builds
• Added build-docker-image.sh and start-docker-container.sh for Docker workflow
• Added config.docker.mk for Docker-specific configurations
• Added config.slurm.mk for SLURM-based supercomputer configurations
• Modified Makefile to support new build environments <slurm|docker>